@unpublished{smonad-gauge-gauge-early,
  author = {Haj Yousef, Mohamed},
  title = {{The Fundamental Temporal Origin of Gauge Symmetries: A Duality of Time Theory Approach}},
  note = {Working manuscript; No numbered version stated; 4 PDF pages. Early sketch. Source copy catalogued 2026-10-18.},
  url = {https://www.smonad.com/gauge/papers/gauge-origin-early-sketch.pdf},
  urldate = {2026-10-18}
}